Hermit wrote:Seth wrote:Hermit wrote:Seth wrote:no cartel can survive being undercut by free-market competition
, provided the market is free. Which it isn't when it allows monopolies. Apple is a case in point. It made an agreement with five major publishing companies to sell copyrighted material only to Apple, who can then resell it at artificially inflated prices.
That's not a "monopoly"
Actually, it is. As you pointed out, Apple has signed up five major publishing contracts to sell their products exclusively to Apple. In other words, it has a monopoly on those products.
That's not the definition of "monopoly."
mo·nop·o·ly
[ mə nóppəlee ]
control of market supply: a situation in which one company controls an industry or is the only provider of a product or service
Apple does not hold a monopoly over the distribution of written materials, either printed or E-books. It merely has an exclusive contract with only FIVE of the hundreds or thousands or hundreds of thousands of publishers with intellectual property to market to the E-book market. That they are the five "major" publishers is irrelevant, that's just good marketing strategy. Apple does NOT control the E-book industry, not by a long shot. Amazon.com and the Kindle are proof absolute of that.
If Apple was the only one on the planet (or in the country) who had E-book hardware and materials to distribute to them and THE GOVERNMENT prohibited anyone else from engaging in free-market competition, THAT would be a monopoly.
Apple merely has a dominant market share through canny and wise business contracts and arrangements. Nothing is preventing Amazon.com from offering OTHER intellectual properties in E-book form, including in forms that can only be used exclusively by their own readers. What Amazon and the Marxists are pissed about is that Apple managed to steal a march on Amazon by locking a certain FEW popular publishers into an exclusive contract.
No way is that a monopoly.
Seth wrote:Supply and demand. With an in-demand product, the producer can "inflate" the price as much as he likes in order to make a bigger profit, but if he ups it too much, consumers will stop buying.
As far as those particular products are concerned, the vaunted law regarding supply and demand has been demolished by virtue of Apple having contractually monopolised the supply, leaving it in a position to dictate prices rather than letting market forces prevail. The consumer is left with two options: Buy the desired e-book at the price the sole supplier dictates, or not buy it at all.
So what? Using this dubious logic then Apple itself is an "illegal monopoly" because only it manufactures and distributes Apple products and doesn't allow anyone else to do so. That's nonsense of course. Consumers do not have a right to buy an exclusive product from a competitor of the distributor at a discounted price.
Barnes and Nobel is not required to charge the same price as Borders or Amazon.com merely because customers in its store have the choice of buying at the market price or not buying.
It's ridiculous to maintain that marketing and market protection constitutes an illegal monopolistic activity.
As I said, if you want a Ford, you have to buy it from Ford. If Ford wants to draw up a contract with Mercedes Benz that says that the only place in the US you can buy a Benz is at a Ford store, that's not a "monopoly" of the auto industry because no one is compelled to buy either a Ford or a Benz. They can go buy a Subaru or a Chevy.
It's exactly the same with Apple and E-books. They have an agreement with the five publishers to exclusively market the E-book versions of the publisher's owned property. That's within the rights of both the publisher and the distributor.
If, on the other hand, THE GOVERNMENT says that the only place anyone can buy any automobile is from Ford, THAT is a monopoly. Huge difference.
There is no "monopoly" status for "those products" other than a government regulation forbidding anyone else from marketing that or another similar product. Monopoly connotes a total and exclusive control of an INDUSTRY or entire segment of the market. If the government said only Texaco was allowed to produce and sell gasoline, THAT is a monopoly. That Texaco might have the dominant market share, or even the exclusive market share in a region, so long as others are not FORBIDDEN from opening their own gas stations there is no "monopoly" on gasoline distribution. It's merely market forces determining who is the best at marketing their fuel to consumers and the fact that Shell can't sell a gallon in a Texaco town does not make Texaco a monopoly in fuel distribution.
Barnes and Nobel is perfectly entitled to go to a publisher and say "We'll only carry your books if you give us an exclusive distribution contract."
Seth wrote:If you want a Ford, you have to buy it from Ford.
Not in Australia, you don't. Ford sells its cars to a multitude of retailers, who then compete with each other for customers on price and service. There is not one sole supplier of Ford cars with exclusive, monopolistic rights on Ford products.
That's FORD'S CHOICE of marketing strategy. If Ford wanted to be the exclusive seller of its vehicles it has the right to do so, just as Apple has the right to be the sole and exclusive seller of Apple computer products and Apple-contracted E-books.
Ford chose another marketing model for economic reasons, but that doesn't mean they have a "monopoly" on the motor vehicle market, merely exclusive rights to market the Ford lineup. Chevy cannot demand that Ford supply its showrooms with Ford vehicles. Nor can a private auto lot owner demand that Ford provide him with product. It's Ford's product and it can distribute it any way it sees fit.
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